Φυλετικής φύσης εμπόδια στην επαγγελματική εξέλιξη των μαιών στον εργασιακό χώρο. Μια συστηματική ανασκόπηση βιβλιογραφίας.

Abstract

Women cover the 99% of midwife positions whereas even after their entrance in male professions like medicine they are still in second line. Midwifery is one

of the first in which doctors got involved, setting aside midwives as non- qualified. Even if midwife care has been recognized for its importance there

are obstacles in equal opportunities in career and education.

Objectives The objective of the study is to examine evidenced gendered barriers in equal opportunities in career and education for midwives.

Methods This is a systematic literature review.

Results Worldwide there is no mutual definition and understanding on midwifery. Barriers identified in midwife career development include low salary in contrast with overwhelming job, medicalization of labour and disrespect by medical staff, as well as gaps in legal and regulatory support. Different theories of birth management and male domination in medicine and politics and strong medical lobbies prohibit midwives from full practice. Meanwhile, educational limitations and supervisor’s support are also of importance for those desiring professional scale up.

Conclusion There are gendered barriers on midwife career development. However, there is also combination of professional discrimination. The deep understanding of midwife role and the benefits their full practice can offer to the society together with suitable changes in regulations can be the root for equal opportunities and better working conditions. There is a need for further studies on the social aspect of midwives interprofessional relationships and how their rights can be respected and given in line with the full spectrum of their role.