A Systematic Review of non- pharmacological intervention for Dementia in the Geriatric Population : The Lancet's Nine (9) risk Factors and the effectiveness of their Prevention

Abstract

Introduction: The increasing trend of dementia is an undeniable health phenomenon with multifaceted impacts on the lives of patients and their families. The implicated factors are not solely biological, raising questions about the extent to which management and other parameters can contribute to limiting this clinical phenomenon.

Purpose:This paper aims to analyze the nine (9) factors associated with dementia, according to the Lancet committee. All non-pharmacological interventions proposed will be presented, and the ultimate goal is to draw conclusions about their effectiveness.

Methodology: The research will be conducted through a systematic review. Articles will be sought on search engines such as PubMed, Cochrane and Scopus, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses ( PRISMA ) system for inclusion and exclusion criteria of studies included in the research.

Results: The adoption of a healthier lifestyle, such as quitting smoking, physical exercise, and proper nutrition, has been proven to reduce the risk of dementia through cardiovascular complications and other developing pathologies. This strengthens the Lancet committee position regarding the preventive value of the nine factors and their potential correlation with dementia.

Discussion – Conclusions: Many study results lead to the conclusion that biological vulnerability leading to pathogenesis can be limited through a complex of interventions and behaviors, when adopted by individuals at the appropriate age and established as patterns of behavior and lifestyle. Given that the Lancet committee examines some of these parameters, it is expected that the research will reconfirm the correlation of a healthy lifestyle with protection against biological impairments that may lead to dementia over time or more immediately.