Hardware-based security methods for Internet of Things (IoT), Internet of Everything (IoE) & Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS)

Abstract

Hardware security has emerged as a prominent study area in the last decade, drawing academics, businesses and governments alike. Electronic data processing now controls documents and nearly all aspects of our lives. Bits become as important as actual resources on this planet. In today's information world, hardware security encompasses many essential criteria, including proper handling and storing electronic data anywhere, anytime, and efficiently using resources and energy. Nowadays rapid technological growth has changed the way interactions, interfaces, communication, and electrical systems interact. This has resulted in us switching from the interconnection and communication of isolated devices to the ubiquitous things that, with the help of the internet, interact with each other and produce data for the extraction of information. This highly integrated global network structure is called the Internet of Things (IoT). The Internet of Things (IoT) superset is called Everything (IoE) and defines the connection between people, processes, data and things. It unites all these ideas into a single world. A network intelligent system that connects people, things, and intelligent devices to share information and services. All cyber technologies (computing and communication) become a component of more sophisticated systems known as cyber-physical systems (CPS) when they are coupled with the physical environment. The cyber-physical system is one of the key technologies for establishing the Internet of Things (CPS). Its components (IoT, IoE, and CPS) are critical infrastructure parts that must maintain its safety, dependability, and security while operating in real time. Their security is more challenging than standard IT systems. They must address security and privacy due to the variety of technologies. Traditional security primitives cannot be simply applied to IoT because of the diverse standards and communication stacks involved. A cyber-physical adversary can compromise a system. The sensitivity of the control system and the data it contains determines the level of security based on each cyber-physical system. They must consider aspects from both a software and hardware perspective. IT security is critical for future tech progress. This research's main focus is on IoT, IoE, and CPS system security.